Know the Warning Signs for Heat-Related Illnesses

There are a variety of heat-related illnesses, and the warning signs and symptoms are similar but unique for each. Here are the most serious and common illnesses and their warning signs:

Heat stroke

This is a potentially life-threatening emergency and is the most serious heat-related illness. It occurs when the body becomes unable to control its temperature and the sweating mechanism fails. This type of illness can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not provided.

What to watch for

A high body temperature typically 103 degrees Fahrenheit or higher; losing consciousness or passing out; dizziness; nausea, confusion, dizziness, or headache; hot, red, dry or damp skin

What to do

Call 911 immediately. Do not give the person anything to drink. Begin cooling the person down immediately; move them to a cooler place and help lower their body temperature quickly with a cold water or ice bath if possible – wet the skin, place wet cloths on skin, or soak clothing with cool water.

Heat exhaustion

This is a milder form of heat-related illness. Exhaustion can take place after several days of exposure to high temperatures and an unbalanced or inadequate replenishment of fluids. It typically occurs in elderly people, people with high blood pressure and those who work or exercise in a hot environment.

What to watch for

Look for heavy sweating, cold and clammy skin; nausea or vomiting; fast or weak pulse; dizziness and headache; tiredness or weakness; muscle cramps.

What to do

Get medical help right away if you or the person affected is throwing up, you or the person affected has symptoms that are getting worse or last more than one hour. Otherwise, move to a cool place, sip water, loosen your clothes or put cool, wet cloths on your body.